{"id":20546,"date":"2021-09-29T13:47:34","date_gmt":"2021-09-29T12:47:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/fr\/?p=20546"},"modified":"2021-10-04T14:46:40","modified_gmt":"2021-10-04T13:46:40","slug":"la-detention-denfants-palestiniens-par-israel-est-un-outrage-a-lhumanite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/fr\/la-detention-denfants-palestiniens-par-israel-est-un-outrage-a-lhumanite\/","title":{"rendered":"La d\u00e9tention d’enfants palestiniens par Isra\u00ebl est un outrage \u00e0 l’humanit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u00a9DEI-Palestine<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obaida Jawabra, du camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s d’Arroub. Tu\u00e9 en mai 2021 par les forces isra\u00e9liennes. Il \u00e9tait \u00e2g\u00e9 de 17 ans.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, D\u00e9fense des Enfants International - Palestine <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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J\u2019ai d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de devenir avocat \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 15 ans, apr\u00e8s l\u2019arrestation et la d\u00e9tention de mon fr\u00e8re par l\u2019arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne.\u202fLui rendre visite en prison \u00e9tait difficile, mais j\u2019ai remarqu\u00e9 que l\u2019avocat de mon fr\u00e8re pouvait le rencontrer individuellement et m\u00eame le serrer dans ses bras.\u202fIl n\u2019y avait rien que je souhaitais plus que de pouvoir serrer mon fr\u00e8re dans mes bras.\u202fJ\u2019ai donc fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 des cours de droit en Alg\u00e9rie et je suis retourn\u00e9 en Palestine pour d\u00e9fendre les enfants palestiniens arr\u00eat\u00e9s et d\u00e9tenus par l\u2019arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n


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Depuis 1967, Isra\u00ebl a mis en place deux syst\u00e8mes juridiques distincts sur le m\u00eame territoire.\u202fEn Cisjordanie occup\u00e9e, les colons isra\u00e9liens sont soumis au syst\u00e8me juridique civil tandis que les Palestiniens vivent sous le droit militaire.\u202fAucun enfant isra\u00e9lien n\u2019entre en contact avec les tribunaux militaires.<\/span> <\/span>Isra\u00ebl a la distinction douteuse d\u2019\u00eatre le seul pays au monde qui poursuit automatiquement et syst\u00e9matiquement les enfants devant des tribunaux militaires.\u202fChaque ann\u00e9e, entre 500 et 700 enfants palestiniens sont jug\u00e9s par ces tribunaux qui, dans la pratique et par leur vision, nient les droits fondamentaux \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable et \u00e0 la protection d\u2019une proc\u00e9dure juridique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re.\u202fCe double syst\u00e8me n\u2019offre aucun semblant de justice.<\/span> <\/span>\u00c0 partir du moment o\u00f9 les enfants palestiniens entrent en contact avec des soldats isra\u00e9liens, leurs droits fondamentaux sont ignor\u00e9s.\u202fLa majorit\u00e9 des enfants palestiniens d\u00e9clare avoir les yeux band\u00e9s, \u00eatre fouill\u00e9s \u00e0 nu et \u00eatre soumis \u00e0 des violences physiques de la part des forces isra\u00e9liennes.\u202fLa plupart des enfants palestiniens ne sont pas inform\u00e9s de la raison de leur arrestation et plus de la moiti\u00e9 doivent signer des documents en h\u00e9breu, une langue qu\u2019ils ne peuvent ni lire ni comprendre, sous la contrainte.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n


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Le taux de condamnation du tribunal militaire isra\u00e9lien est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 99%.\u202fLorsque j\u2019ai repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 des enfants d\u00e9tenus devant les tribunaux militaires isra\u00e9liens, mon travail en tant qu\u2019avocat guid\u00e9 par le droit international et la Convention des Nations Unies relative aux droits de l\u2019enfant (CDE) consistait \u00e0 obtenir la lib\u00e9ration d\u2019enfants le plus t\u00f4t possible.\u202fPlus un enfant passe de temps en d\u00e9tention militaire, plus sa r\u00e9insertion scolaire et la reprise de sa vie est difficile.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n


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En 1991, Isra\u00ebl a ratifi\u00e9 la Convention relative aux droits de l\u2019enfant, qui stipule que les enfants ne doivent \u00eatre priv\u00e9s de leur libert\u00e9 qu\u2019en dernier recours, qu\u2019ils ne doivent pas \u00eatre d\u00e9tenus ill\u00e9galement ou arbitrairement et qu\u2019ils ne doivent pas \u00eatre soumis \u00e0 la torture et \u00e0 d\u2019autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou d\u00e9gradants.<\/span> <\/span>Malgr\u00e9 la ratification par Isra\u00ebl de la Convention des droits de l\u2019enfant, les forces isra\u00e9liennes ciblent des enfants palestiniens pour les arr\u00eater ; dans de nombreux cas, les enfants palestiniens sont d\u00e9tenus \u00e0 plusieurs reprises.\u202fL\u2019un de ces enfants \u00e9tait Obaida Jawabra du camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s d\u2019Arroub, pr\u00e8s d\u2019H\u00e9bron, qui avait 14 ans lorsque mon \u00e9quipe de DEI-Palestine l\u2019a repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans le tribunal militaire.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obaida\u00a0a d\u2019abord \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 par les forces isra\u00e9liennes alors qu\u2019il se dirigeait vers\u00a0une\u00a0\u00e9picerie.\u202fLes soldats lui ont band\u00e9 les yeux, lui ont attach\u00e9 les mains derri\u00e8re le dos et l\u2019ont accus\u00e9 d\u2019avoir jet\u00e9 des pierres \u2013 l\u2019accusation la plus courante contre les enfants palestiniens devant les tribunaux militaires.\u202fIl a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 emmen\u00e9 au centre d\u2019interrogation\u00a0d\u2019Etzion, situ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur d\u2019une colonie isra\u00e9lienne ill\u00e9gale.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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\u00ab Je vais te passer \u00e0 tabac et te casser les dents si tu n\u2019avoues pas \u00bb, a menac\u00e9 l\u2019interrogateur isra\u00e9lien charg\u00e9 de convaincre\u00a0Obaida\u00a0d\u2019avouer qu\u2019il jetait des pierres.\u202fL\u2019interrogateur a forc\u00e9\u00a0Obaida\u00a0\u00e0 signer un document en h\u00e9breu.\u202fApr\u00e8s des heures d\u2019interrogatoire,\u00a0Obaida\u00a0a \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9 au tribunal militaire et \u00e0 la prison d\u2019Ofer, mais pas avant d\u2019avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 fouill\u00e9 \u00e0 nu.\u202fObaida\u00a0s\u2019est d\u00e9fendu contre les accusations port\u00e9es contre lui et a finalement \u00e9t\u00e9 acquitt\u00e9, mais il est rest\u00e9 en d\u00e9tention isra\u00e9lienne tout au long de la proc\u00e9dure judiciaire et a pass\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de trois mois en prison.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Obaida\u00a0a de nouveau \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 moins d\u2019un an plus tard et a choisi de plaider coupable dans l\u2019espoir d\u2019obtenir une lib\u00e9ration plus t\u00f4t.\u202fApr\u00e8s cette deuxi\u00e8me d\u00e9tention, DEI-Palestine a produit un court m\u00e9trage sur lui.\u202fObaida\u00a0a racont\u00e9 son histoire d\u2019une voix forte qui exprimait l\u2019espoir de la lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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\u00ab Je ressens la libert\u00e9, mais ce n\u2019est pas une libert\u00e9 totale \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9\u00a0Obaida.\u202f\u00ab Nous devons d\u2019abord \u00eatre lib\u00e9r\u00e9s [de l\u2019occupation] avant que je puisse sentir que je suis vraiment libre.\u202fJe me sens libre en ce sens que je peux aller et venir, sauter dans un taxi, parler \u00e0 qui je veux, discuter avec qui je veux.\u202fOn a une volont\u00e9 personnelle, on peut faire ce qu\u2019on veut.\u202fC\u2019est\u00a0quelque chose qui m\u2019avait manqu\u00e9 en prison.\u202fMais nous ne sommes pas lib\u00e9r\u00e9s, alors comment puis-je vraiment \u00eatre heureux ? \u00bb<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Le court m\u00e9trage a \u00e9t\u00e9 visionn\u00e9 par des milliers de personnes \u00e0 travers le monde, avec des projections \u00e0 Washington, D.C., San Francisco, Londres et ailleurs.\u202fTous ceux qui ont regard\u00e9 le film se sont sentis li\u00e9s \u00e0\u00a0Obaida.\u202fSon histoire a inspir\u00e9 d\u2019innombrables personnes \u00e0 agir pour les enfants palestiniens.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Apr\u00e8s la sortie du film au printemps 2019,\u00a0Obaida\u00a0a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tenu pour la troisi\u00e8me fois et lib\u00e9r\u00e9 quelques jours plus tard sans inculpation.\u202fL\u2019arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne pouvait voir qu\u2019il \u00e9tait un adolescent brillant, ne craignant pas de partager son histoire avec le monde.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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En mai 2021, les forces isra\u00e9liennes ont pris pour cible\u00a0Obaida\u00a0une derni\u00e8re fois.\u202fAlors que l\u2019arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne a bombard\u00e9 la bande de Gaza pendant 11 jours, les Palestiniens de Cisjordanie occup\u00e9e ont protest\u00e9 contre la violence en manifestant dans toutes les grandes villes.\u202fLors d\u2019une manifestation dans le camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s d\u2019Arroub, o\u00f9 vivait\u00a0Obaida, les forces isra\u00e9liennes l\u2019ont tu\u00e9 d\u2019une balle dans la poitrine.\u202fObaida\u00a0avait 17 ans, \u00e0 quelques semaines de son 18e anniversaire.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Au 30 ao\u00fbt, les forces isra\u00e9liennes\u00a0avaient d\u00e9j\u00e0\u00a0brutalement tu\u00e9 73 enfants palestiniens\u00a0depuis le d\u00e9but de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, selon notre documentation.\u202fPersonne n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 tenu responsable de leur mort, et il est peu probable que quelqu\u2019un le soit un jour.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Les forces isra\u00e9liennes agissent en toute impunit\u00e9 en sachant qu\u2019il n\u2019y aura pas de cons\u00e9quences pour les homicides ill\u00e9gaux et autres violations graves du droit international.\u202fTant que la communaut\u00e9 internationale n\u2019aura pas tenu les auteurs de ces actes pour responsables, ceci restera la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 pour les enfants palestiniens, qui m\u00e9ritent mieux que ce que le monde leur a offert.\u202fIls m\u00e9ritent un avenir exempt de violence, un avenir o\u00f9 leurs r\u00eaves ne sont pas limit\u00e9s par l\u2019occupation militaire isra\u00e9lienne.\u202fUn avenir lib\u00e9r\u00e9, comme\u00a0Obaida\u00a0en r\u00eavait.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Cette ann\u00e9e marque le 30e anniversaire de DEI-Palestine.\u202fPendant 30 ans, nous avons d\u00e9fendu les enfants palestiniens dans le syst\u00e8me judiciaire militaire isra\u00e9lien, les avons mis en contact avec un soutien psychologique apr\u00e8s leur lib\u00e9ration, nous avons form\u00e9 des enfants \u00e0 documenter les violations des droits de l\u2019enfant dans leurs communaut\u00e9s, travaill\u00e9 avec les d\u00e9tenteurs d\u2019obligations pour cr\u00e9er des syst\u00e8mes et des environnements adapt\u00e9s aux enfants, et plus encore.\u202fBien que ce travail soit gratifiant, je dois admettre qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas devenu plus facile\u00a0avec le temps.\u202fNotre organisation est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 une r\u00e9pression et \u00e0 des attaques croissantes qui rendent la d\u00e9fense des enfants palestiniens dangereuse et difficile.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Un r\u00e9seau d\u2019organisations extr\u00e9mistes de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile isra\u00e9lienne, soutenu par le minist\u00e8re isra\u00e9lien des Affaires strat\u00e9giques et de la Diplomatie publique, a organis\u00e9 des campagnes de diffamation pour d\u00e9l\u00e9gitimer les organisations humanitaires et de d\u00e9fense des droits de l\u2019homme internationales, palestiniennes et m\u00eame isra\u00e9liennes qui d\u00e9fendent les droits des enfants palestiniens.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Bien que leurs all\u00e9gations ne soient pas fond\u00e9es et qu\u2019elles d\u00e9forment des \u00e9l\u00e9ments factuels ou juridiques critiques, elles ont n\u00e9anmoins eu un impact n\u00e9gatif sur la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019organisations comme la n\u00f4tre \u00e0 fournir une aide essentielle aux Palestiniens et \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre leurs droits humains.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Fin juillet 2021,\u00a0la police des fronti\u00e8res paramilitaire isra\u00e9lienne a perquisitionn\u00e9 le si\u00e8ge de DEI-Palestine \u00e0 Al-Bireh<\/a>, juste au sud de Ramallah, en Cisjordanie occup\u00e9e, confisquant des ordinateurs et des fichiers d\u2019enfants clients.\u202fR\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ce raid et \u00e0 d\u2019autres attaques est une t\u00e2che \u00e9norme qui d\u00e9tourne un temps pr\u00e9cieux sinon consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 travailler pour les droits des enfants palestiniens.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Malgr\u00e9 ces attaques continues con\u00e7ues pour d\u00e9vier nos ressources,\u00a0casser\u00a0notre moral et effrayer notre r\u00e9seau international de partenaires de confiance, notre \u00e9quipe reste d\u00e9termin\u00e9e \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre les droits des enfants palestiniens comme\u00a0Obaida, qui m\u00e9ritent un avenir lib\u00e9r\u00e9, pas un avenir qui leur est violemment enlev\u00e9.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a9DEI-Palestine Obaida Jawabra, du camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s d’Arroub. Tu\u00e9 en mai 2021 par les forces isra\u00e9liennes. Il \u00e9tait \u00e2g\u00e9 de 17 ans. J\u2019ai d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de devenir avocat \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 15 ans, apr\u00e8s l\u2019arrestation et la d\u00e9tention de mon fr\u00e8re par l\u2019arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne.\u202fLui rendre visite en prison \u00e9tait difficile, mais j\u2019ai remarqu\u00e9 que l\u2019avocat de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20535,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[275,745],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-highlight-fr","category-news-fr-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa d\u00e9tention d'enfants palestiniens par Isra\u00ebl est un outrage \u00e0 l'humanit\u00e9 - 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