{"id":19299,"date":"2021-03-17T16:33:47","date_gmt":"2021-03-17T15:33:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/es\/?p=19299"},"modified":"2021-08-19T14:03:30","modified_gmt":"2021-08-19T13:03:30","slug":"child-recruitment-in-somalia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/es\/child-recruitment-in-somalia\/","title":{"rendered":"Reclutamiento de NNA en Somalia"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"19299\" class=\"elementor elementor-19299\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d8984f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d8984f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7c1a63\" data-id=\"a7c1a63\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd2ca98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bd2ca98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"433\" src=\"https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/soldier-e1622625275129-750x433.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-19374\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/soldier-e1622625275129-750x433.jpg 750w, https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/soldier-e1622625275129-1024x591.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/soldier-e1622625275129-768x443.jpg 768w, https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/soldier-e1622625275129-1536x887.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/defenceforchildren.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/soldier-e1622625275129-2048x1182.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b7c7fa2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b7c7fa2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11f8ff75\" data-id=\"11f8ff75\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34442b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34442b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\">Las Fuerzas de Polic\u00eda y Defensa Federal de Somalia (anteriormente incluidas como \u00abEj\u00e9rcito Nacional de Somalia\u00bb) figuran en los anexos del \u00faltimo informe anual del Secretario General (2020) sobre los ni\u00f1os y los conflictos armados (CAAC, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) para el reclutamiento y uso de los ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes en los conflictos<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\">,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\">&nbsp;as\u00ed como para su matanza y mutilaci\u00f3n.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2 SCXW264604883 BCX0\">Ahl<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\">&nbsp;al-Sunna&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2 SCXW264604883 BCX0\">wal-Jama\u2019a<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\">&nbsp;(ASWJ) figura en la lista de reclutamiento y uso de ni\u00f1os y ni\u00f1as soldados, y Al&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2 SCXW264604883 BCX0\">Shabaab<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\" lang=\"ES-MX\" xml:lang=\"ES-MX\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264604883 BCX0\">&nbsp;figura en la lista de las cinco infracciones \u00abdesencadenantes\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW264604883 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00bf<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Qu\u00e9 han estado haciendo otros jugadores para contener el reclutamiento de NNA en Somalia<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">En octubre de 2019, el Gobierno Federal de Somalia (FGS, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) renov\u00f3 su compromiso de poner fin al reclutamiento y uso de ni\u00f1os y ni\u00f1as soldados mediante la firma de una hoja de ruta que detalla las medidas y acciones pr\u00e1cticas para prevenir violaciones contra los NNA, liberar a los que est\u00e9n asociados con las fuerzas armadas y reintegrarlos en comunidades. El Ministro Federal de Defensa de Somalia represent\u00f3 al FGS en la firma del acuerdo. Se comprometi\u00f3 a que la FGS pondr\u00eda fin a las violaciones de los derechos de la infancia, incluido el reclutamiento forzoso.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Las Naciones Unidas y las organizaciones de la sociedad civil se comprometieron a apoyar este plan para que<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;en todas las regiones de Somalia, todos los funcionarios encargados de hacer cumplir la ley,&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">y&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">todos los miembros de las fuerzas armadas<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> sean los primeros en proteger a la infancia de las violaciones.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Acci\u00f3n<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">espec\u00edfica<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">detallada<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/h4>\n<div><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"none\">Examinar, evaluar, desarrollar capacidades y garantizar que los ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes capturados<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;fugados o que sean liberados de alguna manera,&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">reciban la&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">rehabilitaci\u00f3n y reintegraci\u00f3n&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">necesarias&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">que merecen y a las que tienen derecho como v\u00edctimas<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"none\">E<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">n 2012 Somalia y la ONU firmaron un pacto para proteger a los ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes del reclutamiento y uso por parte del ej\u00e9rcito<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;y&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">para&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">garantizar la protecci\u00f3n de la infancia contra la muerte y las lesiones<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Seg\u00fan el informe&nbsp;<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Los ni\u00f1os y los conflictos armados<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sg\/sites\/www.un.org.sg\/files\/atoms\/files\/15-June-2020_Secretary-General_Report_on_CAAC_Eng.pdf\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Children<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;and&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Armed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Conflict<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">report<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">)&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">del Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas publicado en junio de 2020, se verific\u00f3 que los grupos armados y las fuerzas de seguridad del gobierno en Somalia reclutaron y utilizaron en el conflicto 1.442 ni\u00f1os y 53 ni\u00f1as, algunos de hasta 8 a\u00f1os<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, de manera forzada<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&nbsp;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Al-<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Shabaab<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> reclut\u00f3 1.169 ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes, lo que representa el mayor n\u00famero de NNA reclutados, seguidos por las fuerzas de seguridad del gobierno, incluida la Fuerza de Polic\u00eda de Somalia (100) y el Ej\u00e9rcito Nacional de Somalia (74); y fuerzas regionales, incluidas las fuerzas de <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Puntlandia<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;(40), las fuerzas de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Galmudug<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;(30), las fuerzas de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Jubbaland<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;(19), la polic\u00eda de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Galmudug<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;(4) y la polic\u00eda de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Jubbaland<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;(1). Las violaciones tambi\u00e9n se atribuyeron a la milicia de clanes (56) y la milicia de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Westland<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> (2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Seg\u00fan el informe peri\u00f3dico m\u00e1s reciente del Secretario General de noviembre de 2020 (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/S\/2020\/1113\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">S\/2020\/1113<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">), el Grupo de Trabajo de Pa\u00eds sobre Seguimiento y Presentaci\u00f3n de Informes (CTFMR) document\u00f3 945 violaciones graves que afectaron a 1.254 NNA (1.017 ni\u00f1os, 237 ni\u00f1as), 11 ataques contra escuelas, un ataque a un hospital y un incidente de denegaci\u00f3n de acceso humanitario entre el 5 de agosto y el 4 de noviembre de 2020. La violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto afect\u00f3 a 66 NNA (2 ni\u00f1os, 64 ni\u00f1as) durante el per\u00edodo del informe. Un total de 543 ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes fueron secuestrados, 288 fueron v\u00edctimas de asesinatos y mutilaciones, 601 fueron v\u00edctimas de reclutamiento y uso<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&nbsp;y 146 fueron v\u00edctimas de violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto. Las violaciones se atribuyeron a Al-<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Shabaab<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (74,3%), elementos armados desconocidos (12,5%), milicias de clanes (4,35%) y fuerzas armadas federales y estatales (8,9%). Se registraron un total de 32 incidentes de privaci\u00f3n de libertad que afectaron a 69 ni\u00f1os y una ni\u00f1a, con 19 ni\u00f1os y una ni\u00f1a detenidos por las fuerzas estatales de <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jubbaland<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 30 ni\u00f1os por la Polic\u00eda de Somalia, 13 ni\u00f1os por el Ej\u00e9rcito Nacional de Somalia, 3 ni\u00f1os por&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jubbaland<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&nbsp;Polic\u00eda y 2 ni\u00f1os de las fuerzas policiales y estatales de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Puntlandia<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Proyecto de $ 2 millones para reintegrar a ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">ex&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><b style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">soldados<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/h4>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\" data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Otra contribuci\u00f3n notable de la ONU ha sido en&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Baidoa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, la capital del estado del suroeste (SWS, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s), donde&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">se anunci\u00f3&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">el lanzamiento de un proyecto de $2 millones del Fondo para la Construcci\u00f3n de la Paz que apoya la prevenci\u00f3n del reclutamiento de ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes y la reintegraci\u00f3n de los que anteriormente estaban asociados con fuerzas&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">y grupos<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">armad<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">o<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">s. El proyecto tiene como objetivo reforzar la prevenci\u00f3n, inspeccionando a las fuerzas de seguridad somal\u00edes, incluidas las fuerzas regionales, para garantizar que no haya ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes en sus filas, liberar a los identificados, rehabilitarlos y reintegrarlos.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">La ONU destac\u00f3 su compromiso y&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">el de&nbsp;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">sus socios internacionales para prevenir todas las formas de violaciones contra la infancia. La ONU lanz\u00f3 una campa\u00f1a contra las violaciones de los derechos de la ni\u00f1ez y elabor\u00f3 planes para educar a los ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Las Fuerzas de Polic\u00eda y Defensa Federal de Somalia (anteriormente incluidas como \u00abEj\u00e9rcito Nacional de Somalia\u00bb) figuran en los anexos del \u00faltimo informe anual del Secretario General (2020) sobre los ni\u00f1os y los conflictos armados (CAAC, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) para el reclutamiento y uso de los ni\u00f1os, ni\u00f1as y adolescentes en los conflictos,\u00a0as\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":19374,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[402,747],"tags":[674,675,673],"class_list":["post-19299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-highlight-es-es","category-noticias","tag-conflictos-armados","tag-ninos-soldado","tag-reclutamiento-de-ninos"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - 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